Fundamentals
Coercion and Liberty: How to Tell a Threat from a Limitation
Coercion diminishes liberty by subjecting a decision to force or a threat. But not every hardship, influence, or restriction is coercive.
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Chronological archive of Libertatis Venezuela publications. Here you can review every published article without filtering by category.
Fundamentals
Fiat Money: What It Is, How It Works, and Where Its Value Comes From
Fiat money does not promise conversion into gold or another commodity. It works through a shared unit of account, broad acceptance, and an institutional framework capable of supporting its purchasing power.
Fundamentals
Acquisitive Prescription: Meaning, General Requirements, and Why It Exists
Acquisitive prescription can allow certain rights to be acquired through prolonged, qualified possession, but the passage of time alone is never enough.
Fundamentals
Property Transfer: What Changes and When It Happens
A property transfer changes the legal ownership of an asset or right. A contract, delivery, and registration can serve different functions.
Fundamentals
Tolerance and Respect: What They Mean and How They Differ
Tolerance and respect complement one another, but they are not synonyms: one makes room for difference, while the other protects each person's dignity and rights.
Fundamentals
Political Tolerance: What It Is and Why It Matters in a Democracy
Political tolerance makes it possible to live with disagreement without turning it into persecution or a loss of rights.
Fundamentals
Property Rights Protection: Rules and Safeguards Against Arbitrary Action
Protecting property means more than recognizing a right: it requires clear rules, impartial procedures, and effective remedies against dispossession and arbitrary deprivation.
Fundamentals
The Non-Aggression Principle: What It Is, What It Forbids, and Its Limits
An explanation of the non-aggression principle, how it differs from pacifism, and the questions raised by property, fraud, and threats.
Fundamentals
Freedom of the Press: What It Protects and Why It Matters
Freedom of the press protects the ability to investigate and publish without undue interference, as well as the public's right to receive information.
Fundamentals
Freedom of Teaching: What It Protects and Its Limits
Freedom of teaching protects an educator’s professional judgment from doctrinal imposition, but it does not excuse a lack of rigor, disregard for the curriculum, or disrespect toward students.
Fundamentals
Contractual Freedom: Meaning, Scope, and Limits
Contractual freedom lets people decide whether to contract, with whom, and on what terms. It is not freedom without rules: it presupposes valid consent, enforceable commitments, and limits that depend on the legal system involved.
Fundamentals
Liberalism and Individual Responsibility: Freedom Without Total Blame
Individual responsibility completes freedom: it lets people choose and requires them to answer for their actions, without turning every outcome into personal merit or fault.
Fundamentals
Liberalism and Free Markets: Relationship, Differences, and Limits
Liberalism and free markets are closely related, but they name different things: a political tradition and a way of coordinating exchange.
Fundamentals
Liberalism and Justice: Rights, Equality, and Distribution
Liberalism connects justice with liberty, rights, and limits on power, but its traditions differ over opportunity, property, and distribution.
Fundamentals
Liberalism vs. Socialism: Principles, Institutions, and Differences
Liberalism and socialism are not uniform blocs. This guide compares their principles and, above all, the institutions through which each tradition distributes power and coordinates economic life.
Fundamentals
Liberalism vs. Authoritarianism: How Power Is Limited
The contrast between liberalism and authoritarianism does not depend on the size of the state or a partisan label, but on how power is exercised, limited, and held to account.
Fundamentals
Constitutional Justice: What It Is, How It Works, and Its Limits
Constitutional justice makes the Constitution an enforceable limit on power. Learn about its functions, models, mechanisms, and limits.
Fundamentals
Inflation and Purchasing Power: Why the Same Money Buys Less
Inflation affects more than prices: it changes what a given sum of money can buy. Distinguishing nominal from real figures helps explain a loss—or gain—in purchasing power.
Fundamentals
De Facto Dollarization: What It Is and How It Works
De facto dollarization occurs when a foreign currency takes on some functions of money without officially replacing the national currency.
Fundamentals
Dollarization: What It Is, What It Can Solve, and Its Limits
Dollarization can strengthen monetary credibility and reduce some risks, but it also means giving up adjustment tools. A guide to its forms, mechanisms, and limits.
Fundamentals
Offensive Speech and Liberty: What Is Protected and Where the Limits Lie
That speech wounds or provokes outrage does not settle whether it should be prohibited. The key is to distinguish offense from harm, identify who is imposing the consequence, and demand precise rules.
Fundamentals
Natural Law and Social Cooperation: Rights, Duties, and Life Together
Social cooperation needs more than shared ends: it requires rights, duties, agreements, and limits that let different people live together.
Fundamentals
Lease Agreement: What It Is and What to Review
A lease agreement permits the temporary use of property in exchange for rent. Understanding its elements, obligations, and limits can help prevent disputes.
Fundamentals
Economic Competition and Social Cooperation: How They Complement Each Other
Competing does not prevent cooperation: exchange, specialization, and general rules let people coordinate different aims without eliminating alternatives.