Archive
Chronological archive of Libertatis Venezuela publications. Here you can review every published article without filtering by category.
Fundamentals
A central bank manages the basic forms of money and exercises the powers assigned to it by law. Its decisions matter for payments and financial conditions, but cannot replace production, fiscal discipline, or credible rules.
Fundamentals
An economic privilege does not describe every advantage or inequality. It identifies an advantage protected by selective treatment, exclusivity, or a rule that does not apply equally.
Fundamentals
Scarcity makes choice unavoidable. Markets and prices help coordinate those choices, though they do not remove the limits on resources.
Fundamentals
Constitutional review measures laws and public decisions against the Constitution. Its models, effects, and limits matter as much as its existence.
Fundamentals
Subjective value explains why the same good can matter differently to different people and at different times, without confusing a valuation with a price.
Fundamentals
The real interest rate shows what happens to the purchasing power of savings or debt after inflation is taken into account.
Fundamentals
State ownership identifies who owns or controls an asset. By itself, it does not tell us who uses or manages it, how it is funded, or what results it produces.
Fundamentals
Personal liberty protects a sphere of decision-making and, in its strict legal sense, physical integrity against arbitrary deprivation of liberty.
Fundamentals
Liberalism holds that people should be able to direct their own lives, but that freedom depends on equal rights, known rules, and limits on coercion.
Fundamentals
Individual effort is deliberate action directed toward an end. It matters for responsibility, but it is not self-sufficiency, automatic merit, or control over outcomes.
Fundamentals
The right of defense lets people know, answer, and challenge what may affect them. It does not promise victory; it prevents power from deciding without hearing them.
Fundamentals
Dissent is neither a concession from those in power nor a license to harm others. It is a civic practice protected by fundamental freedoms and governed by general rules.
Fundamentals
Deflation is a broad, sustained fall in the general price level. It is not the same as an isolated discount or lower inflation.
Fundamentals
A central bank answers for its use of monetary powers through rules, public explanations, and oversight. Autonomy protects a mandate; it does not create unlimited power.
Fundamentals
A condominium combines exclusive ownership or use with shared areas that require coordination.
Fundamentals
Political labels oversimplify. This guide clarifies what liberalism and progressivism share, where they differ, and how to assess specific proposals.
Fundamentals
Rights in rem structure legal relationships with assets. This guide explains their defining features, limits, and difference from a personal claim.
Fundamentals
Money serves as a medium of exchange, a unit of account, and a store of value. Understanding these functions helps us read prices, contracts, and saving decisions.
Fundamentals
A price system helps coordinate dispersed decisions about scarce resources. It does not replace institutions or solve every economic problem on its own.
Fundamentals
Having permission to use property, owning it, and believing you have a right to it are different situations. A rental example helps explain the distinctions.
Fundamentals
Gathering with others allows people to share interests and express disagreement. The right extends beyond protest: understanding its safeguards helps distinguish justified restrictions from arbitrary decisions.
Fundamentals
Associating with others makes projects possible that no one could sustain alone. The liberal case for this freedom requires protecting both group autonomy and the freedom of individual members.
Fundamentals
Living with disagreement means distinguishing approval of ideas from respect for people. Tolerance helps; rights and institutional safeguards provide protection.
Fundamentals
One network may supply a market at a lower cost than several competing networks. Understanding why means separating costs from prices and efficiency from legal privileges.