Fundamentals
Saving and investment: differences, relationship, and examples
The difference between saving and investment, how they connect in personal finance and the wider economy, and which risks matter.
Publication contributor
Articles by Daniel Sardá · Page 8
This archive contains published site articles attributed to Daniel Sardá. The separate Thinkers section contains historical intellectual profiles, not publication contributors.
Fundamentals
Regional autonomy: territorial power, competences, and coordination
What regional autonomy means, how it works, which distinctions matter, and what risks, limits, and applications shape it.
Fundamentals
Property registry: what it is, how it works, and why it matters
A property registry makes the legal status of real estate visible. Understanding its records, effects, and limits can help people transact with less uncertainty.
Fundamentals
Productive assets: what they are, examples, and how they create value
What productive assets are, how they differ from other assets, and why their returns depend on use, risk, and maintenance.
Fundamentals
Private Property and Prosperity: A Conditional Relationship
Private property can give people a longer horizon for caring for, investing in, and exchanging resources. Its contribution to prosperity depends on legal security, contracts, competition, justice, and safeguards against harm.
Fundamentals
Political authority: power, legitimacy, and the duty to obey
What political authority means, how it works, which distinctions matter, and what risks, limits, and applications shape it.
Fundamentals
Political alternation: what it is and why it matters in a democracy
What political alternation means, the conditions that make it democratic, and why changing officeholders is not enough.
Fundamentals
Personal self-government: autonomy, reflection, and limits
What personal self government means, how it works, which distinctions matter, and what risks, limits, and applications shape it.
Fundamentals
Monetary base: currency, bank reserves, and the money supply
What monetary base means, how it works, which distinctions matter, and what risks, limits, and applications shape it.
Fundamentals
Medium of exchange: what it is and what economic problem it solves
A medium of exchange lets people sell to one person and buy from another. Its usefulness depends on acceptance, liquidity, and shared trust.
Fundamentals
Local self-government: meaning, powers, and democratic safeguards
What local self government means, how it works, which distinctions matter, and what risks, limits, and applications shape it.
Fundamentals
Local autonomy: municipal powers, resources, and limits
What local autonomy means, how it works, which distinctions matter, and what risks, limits, and applications shape it.
Fundamentals
Licenses and Permits as Barriers to Entry
A license can protect against genuine risks or needlessly close a market. The difference lies in its purpose, costs, and design.
Fundamentals
Liberal ideas: liberty, institutions, and pluralism
Liberal ideas form a diverse family united by the liberty of equal persons, the justification of power, and the protection of rights. This overview explains how those principles become institutions and why they do not lead to a single political program.
Fundamentals
Liberal antiperfectionism: state neutrality, pluralism, and limits
What liberal antiperfectionism claims, how it relates to state neutrality, and the main objections it faces.
Fundamentals
Legal uncertainty: what it is, why it arises, and how it affects the rule of law
Legal uncertainty arises when knowing the rules is no longer enough to reasonably anticipate how public authorities will act. Understanding its causes helps distinguish it from legitimate legal change and unavoidable uncertainty.
Fundamentals
Intellectual property: what it protects and where its limits lie
Intellectual property encompasses distinct rights over works, inventions, signs, and other intangible assets. Understanding it requires separating creation from legal rights and exclusivity from its limits.
Fundamentals
Individual responsibility: freedom, choices, and consequences
What individual responsibility means, how it relates to freedom, and why it does not require ignoring social circumstances.
Fundamentals
Individual agency: what it means to act as the author of one’s choices
What individual agency means, how it relates to intention, autonomy, and responsibility, and how circumstances constrain it.
Fundamentals
Foreign exchange market: what it is, how it works, and why it matters
The foreign exchange market connects currencies, payments, and risks. This guide explains how it works, who participates, and how exchange rates are formed.
Fundamentals
Business profit: what it measures, where it comes from, and what risks it rewards
What business profit means, how it works, which distinctions matter, and what risks, limits, and applications shape it.
Fundamentals
Bicameralism: how two chambers work and what they are designed to solve
What bicameralism means, how it works, which distinctions matter, and what risks, limits, and applications shape it.
Fundamentals
Abuse of power: what it means and how institutions can limit it
An explanation of abuse of power in government, organizations, and unequal relationships, with practical criteria for recognizing and constraining it.
Fundamentals
Abuse of authority: meaning, legal limits, and accountability
What abuse of authority means, how it differs from lawful discretion, and which safeguards constrain arbitrary official action.