Fundamentals
Civil Liberties: What They Are, What They Include, and Why They Matter
Civil liberties protect spaces of autonomy and participation against arbitrariness, but their exercise and limits depend on concrete legal safeguards.
Publication contributor
Articles by Daniel Sardá · Page 11
This archive contains published site articles attributed to Daniel Sardá. The separate Thinkers section contains historical intellectual profiles, not publication contributors.
Fundamentals
Personal Integrity: What It Is and How It Differs from Honesty
Personal integrity is the consistent alignment of principles, judgment, and conduct, especially when doing so comes at a cost.
Fundamentals
Demand-pull inflation: what it is and how to tell it apart
Demand-pull inflation appears when aggregate spending grows faster than the economy's sustainable capacity to produce goods and services.
Fundamentals
Cost-Push Inflation: What It Is and How It Works
Cost-push inflation begins when production becomes more expensive or more difficult, but the pass-through to prices can be partial, temporary, or persistent.
Fundamentals
Economic Innovation: What It Is, How It Creates Value, and Why It Matters
Economic innovation turns a meaningful improvement into a product or process that is actually used. Its value depends on adoption, not novelty alone.
Fundamentals
What Core Inflation Is and Why It Matters
Core inflation is designed to show the more persistent trend in prices by reducing the influence of some volatile movements.
Fundamentals
Political Individualism: What It Is and How It Differs from Other Doctrines
Political individualism starts from the person as the reference point for justifying power, protecting rights, and evaluating institutions.
Fundamentals
Methodological Individualism: What It Is and Why It Matters in the Social Sciences
Methodological individualism explains collective phenomena by connecting them to people’s actions, motives, incentives, and interactions.
Fundamentals
Ethical Individualism: What It Is and Why It Is Not the Same as Egoism
Ethical individualism places concrete persons at the center of moral consideration, but it does not say that each person should think only of themselves.
Fundamentals
What a Mortgage Is and How It Works
A mortgage ties a property to the performance of a debt. Understanding how it differs from the loan helps you assess its usefulness and its risks.
Fundamentals
Representative Government: What It Is, How It Works, and Its Limits
Representative government organizes public decisions through representatives, institutions, and procedures subject to citizen oversight.
Fundamentals
What Is Capital Formation and Why It Matters
Capital formation turns present resources into future productive capacity. Knowing its different meanings helps avoid confusing investment, financing, and real growth.
Fundamentals
Federalism: What It Is and How It Distributes Power
Federalism constitutionally divides power between a common government and territorial units with their own powers.
Fundamentals
Political Fallibilism: What It Is and Why It Matters in an Open Society
Political fallibilism starts from a simple idea: rulers, experts and citizens can be wrong, so power must remain open to criticism and correction.
Fundamentals
Stagflation: What It Is and Why It Is So Hard to Fix
Stagflation combines high inflation with weak economic activity. Understanding its causes shows why it does not have a simple fix.
Fundamentals
Government by Consent: What It Means and Why It Matters
Government by consent holds that political authority must derive from those subject to it, but that principle does not make every state decision or majority decision legitimate.
Fundamentals
Government of Laws: What It Means and Why It Limits Power
A government of laws subjects citizens and authorities alike to public, general and reviewable rules rather than the personal will of whoever governs.
Fundamentals
Majority Rule: Meaning, Rules, and Limits
A majority can decide without unanimity, but winning a vote does not create unlimited power. These are its rules, uses, and limits.
Fundamentals
What a Constitutional Government Is and Why It Is Not the Same as Democracy
A constitutional government can exercise authority, but only within superior limits, protected rights, and checks that can stop abuses.
Fundamentals
Civilian Government: What It Means and How It Differs from Military Rule
Civilian government places political authority in civilian institutions and subordinates the armed forces to public decisions, rules, and oversight.
Fundamentals
Generality of the Law: What It Means and Why It Matters
The generality of the law requires rules aimed at open categories of people and situations, not privileges or punishments designed for one case.
Fundamentals
Liberal Garantism: What It Means and How It Limits Punitive Power
Liberal garantism describes the affinity between legal guarantees and the liberal tradition of limiting coercion, but it is not a doctrinal identity.
Fundamentals
Individual Guarantees: Meaning, Examples, and Why They Matter
Individual guarantees are legal protections designed to make each person's rights effective against arbitrary exercises of power.
Fundamentals
Constitutional Guarantees: What They Are and How They Protect Rights
Constitutional guarantees turn rights and limits on power into enforceable commitments. Learn their core functions and distinctions.