Publication contributor
This archive contains published site articles attributed to Daniel Sardá. The separate Thinkers section contains historical intellectual profiles, not publication contributors.
Fundamentals
Checks on the executive branch make it possible to demand explanations, review legality, audit public spending, and hold officials accountable without preventing government from carrying out its functions.
Fundamentals
Consent is not a mere formality: it is a free, attributable decision about a specific action. Its validity depends on context.
Fundamentals
The BCV offers a concrete way to understand what a central bank can do, what it cannot control on its own, and why rules and accountability matter.
Fundamentals
Legality requires public authority to act on a legal basis, within its powers, and through procedures open to review.
Fundamentals
An interest rate relates an amount of money to a period of time. Learn how to read it in loans and savings without confusing it with the total cost or return.
Fundamentals
Popular sovereignty locates the legitimate source of political power in the people. Understanding it requires distinguishing who is sovereign, how that sovereignty is exercised, and which limits protect everyone’s freedom.
Fundamentals
Protectionism covers measures that favor selected domestic producers over imported competition. Understanding it requires examining its tools, its distributional effects, and the conditions for any exceptions.
Fundamentals
Limited political power is public authority subject to purposes, powers, procedures, rights, and checks that can be verified. It does not mean only short terms of office or a minimal state.
Fundamentals
Following a rule may be prudent, legally required, or morally owed. Understanding political obedience means separating those reasons and examining the limits of power.
Fundamentals
Markets help coordinate decisions made with distinct, partial knowledge. Prices and competition help discover, communicate, and correct information without requiring any single authority to know everything.
Fundamentals
Inflation does not affect everyone alike. Understanding its channels shows how public decisions redistribute costs and why rules matter.
Fundamentals
Reserve requirements oblige certain financial institutions to hold reserves against liabilities defined by regulation. Their effects depend on how the rule is designed.
Fundamentals
Convertibility allows one currency to be exchanged for another under known rules. Its credibility depends on institutional design, reserves, and discipline.
Fundamentals
Civilian control of power combines law, rights, institutional checks, and civic oversight to hold public authority to verifiable limits.
Fundamentals
Tariffs tax imported goods, but their cost does not necessarily fall on one person alone. This guide explains how they are calculated, why they are used, and what effects they can have.
Fundamentals
A liberal constitution is not defined merely by its name or by listing rights. What matters are legal limits on power, a distribution of functions, and guarantees that allow liberties to be enforced.
Fundamentals
Property rights can contribute to prosperity by making it easier to care for, invest in, and exchange resources, but their effects depend on legitimate rights, impartial justice, and limits on harm and privilege.
Fundamentals
A guide to classical liberalism as a diverse tradition centered on individual liberty, equality before the law, and limits on power.
Fundamentals
An exchange is free when the parties can decide, may legitimately dispose of what they offer, and have rules that protect consent.
Fundamentals
Exchange rate risk arises when the value of a receipt, payment, asset, or debt depends on a currency other than the one used to measure the outcome.
Fundamentals
Ministerial responsibility requires those who lead the executive to explain and submit their decisions to scrutiny; it is not, by itself, a legal conviction.
Fundamentals
Property can broaden freedom by safeguarding a sphere of personal decision-making, provided there are general rules, clear titles, and respect for the rights of others.
Fundamentals
Property does not mean being free to do anything with an asset, but the public interest does not authorize every burden either. The key questions concern law, the scope of the restriction, and safeguards.
Fundamentals
Voluntary exchange does not promise success, nor is it established by a signature alone. It depends on expectations, genuine consent, and rules that protect people from fraud, coercion, and privilege.